Present perfect tense

पहचान : इस काल के वाक्य के अंत मे चूका है, चुकी हैं, चुके हैं, या हैं, आ हैं, ई हैं आदि शब्द आते है|

Rules :

1. In simple sentence, Use of has / have and 3rd form of verb in every sentence.

Subject + has / have + 3rd from (v) + object.

Note :

Has : He, she, it, name or singular.

Have : I, we you, they or plural.

2. In negative sentence,

Subject + has / have + not + 3rd form of verb + object.

3. In Interrogative sentence,

Has / have + Subject + subject +3rd form (v) + object?

4. In Interrogative negative sentence,

Has / have + subject + not + 3rd form of verb + object?

Simple sentence

Subject + has / have + 3rd from (v) + object.

Examples

• मैं खाना खा चूका हूँ
• I have taken my meals.
• सूर्य उदय हो चूका है
• The sun has risen.
• वह कक्षा मे प्रथम आयी है
• She has stood first in the class.
• हमारी टीम मे मैच जीत लिया है
• Our team has won the match.

Negative sentence

Subject + has / have + not + 3rd form of verb + object.

Examples 

• मुझे आपका पत्र नहीं मिला है
• I have not received your letter.
• उसने यह किताब नहीं पढ़ी है
• She has not read this book.
• उसने मेरी अनुमति नहीं ली
• He has not taken my permission.
• उसने अध्यापक को नहीं बताया है
• He has not told to teacher.

Interrogative sentence,

Has / have + Subject +3rd form (v) + object?

Examples

• क्या वह उससे मिला है?
• Has he met her?
• क्या तुम यह समझ गयी हो?
• Have you understood this?
• क्या कीमतें फिर बढ़ गयी है?
• Have the prices risen again?
• क्या तुम्हारे भाई ने परीक्षा पास कर ली है?
• Have your brother passed the examination?

Negative Interrogative sentence

Has / have + subject + not + 3rd form of verb + object?

Examples

• क्या तुम्हे यह समझ नहीं आया?
• Have you not understood this?
• क्या उसने अपना काम नहीं किया है?
• Has he not done his work?
• क्या उसने आपकी सहायता नहीं की है?
• Has she not helped you?
• क्या तुमने कभी शेर देखा है?
• Have you ever seen a lion?

Wh family sentence

Wh family + Has / have + Subject +3rd form (v) + object?

Examples

• तुम्हे किसने मारा है?
• Who has beaten you?
• उसे बिस्तर के नीचे क्या मिला है?
• What has she found under the bed?
• कुत्ते ने तुम्हे फिर से कैसे काट लिया?
• How the dog have bitten you again?
• तुमने कार मे 600rs.का पेट्रोल क्यों डाला है?
• Why have you put 600rs. Petrol into car?